In the early days of the pandemic, public health experts emphasised handwashing as a way to prevent infection and the government launched a “Hands, Face, Space” campaign to encourage people to wash their hands, wear masks and keep 2 metres apart. Subsequent research has shown the biggest risk of Covid-19 transmission is through particles in the air.
Although there is limited evidence that fomites do play a role, there is no evidence that Covid does not linger on surfaces. Public Health England put handwashing and surface cleaning at the top of updated guidance published earlier this month. The risk of contracting the virus through touch may be lower, but it may still exist.
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In addition to the substantial cost and effort involved in spraying and wiping surfaces in schools, public transport and elsewhere, concerns have been raised by some researchers that bacteria and viruses may become resistant to disinfectants. Scientists at the University of the Free State found some rare bacteria were resistant to commercially available disinfectants in South Africa.
Although handwashing may have a limited role in preventing the transmission of Covid, there is substantial research that it reduces the spread of colds, influenza, norovirus and gastro-intestinal infections.